Mammals

 

Red-shanked Douc Langur (Pygathrix nemaeus) is a handsome, yet Endangered Asian colobine monkey found in south central Viet Nam and parts of neighbouring Laos and Cambodia. It is threatened throughout its limited range by habitat destruction and hunting, the latter both for food and for body parts, which are used to prepare traditional medicines. While a number of Douc Langur populations can still be found in parks and nature reserves, wildlife laws established to protect this and other threatened species are too often poorly enforced in the face of lucrative and illegal wildlife trade.

Ethiopian Wolf (Canis simensis), listed as Endangered, is confined to the highlands of Ethiopia in northeast Africa. It is estimated that there are 360–440 adults surviving, with less than 250 mature individuals (see IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria for the definition of 'mature individual'). The species is less common and has a more reduced range now than in the past mostly because of habitat destruction through expanding agricultural activities. Human persecution triggered by political instability in the past is currently less severe and is associated to conflicts over livestock losses. Rabies is a potential threat to all populations. An Action Plan has been published which provides a detailed strategy for the conservation and management of the remaining populations. A number of important conservation measures have already been taken to protect this species, including vaccination of wolves affected by rabies, community education programmes, strengthening national park capacitiy within the species. range, and ongoing wolf population surveys and monitoring.

South American Marsh Deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is the largest of the Neotropical deer and occurs in seasonally wet marshes and inundated grasslands and forests of south central South America. The total population of Marsh Deer is currently unknown. However, ongoing decline is apparent in all areas as a result of poaching, cattle diseases, and habitat loss due to agricultural activities and dam constructions. In Uruguay the species is thought to be extinct: the last record from this country was in 1958.